Inverted extrusion apparatus



A ril 22, 1952 Filed July 15, 1947 &

E. F. GIBIAN INVERTED EXTRUSION APPARATUS fig.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l Em; F. G/B/A/v.

Patented Apr. 22, 1952 INVERTED EXTRUSION APZARATUS Emil F. Gibian, EastCleveland, Ohio, assignor to Thompson Products, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio, a

corporation of Ohio Application July 15, 1am, Serial No. is mi 3 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in extrusion processes andapparatus, and more particularly, to an improvement wherein a die ring,in which the metal or billet of other extrusion material is placed atthe start of the operation, moves with the ram as the extrusion materialis forced into the die, to thereby reduce friction between the extrusionmaterial and the die ring. Heretofore, according to conventionalextrusion practices, the material which is to be extruded or forced intothe forming die is initially placed in a die ring and a ram, which movesrelatively to the die ring, forces it from that die ring into theforming die. In addition to the work performed in forcing the materialinto the die there has, heretofore, according to prior practice, been alarge amount of work performed by the ram due solely to the frictionbetween the material and the die ring as the material slides along thewalls of the die ring and into the die. It is apparent that suchfriction would naturally be very great and that a tremendous amount ofram pressure is required merely to overcome this friction.

According to my improvement, by causing the die ring to move with theram as the material is extruded from the die ring into the die, thisfriction is eliminated or very greatly decreased. Accordingly, much lessram pressure is required to perform the total operation, and less wearon the die ring and ram results.

Accordingly, a general object of the invention is to provide an improvedextrusion apparatus wherein friction is very substantially reduced.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved extrusionapparatus in which by decreasing friction between the extrusion materialand the die ring which initially holds it,

wear and tear on the die ring is very substantially decreased and thelife of the die ring thereby prolonged.

Another object is to provide a billet holder or die ring which moveswith the ram during the working stroke.

Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus in which theforegoing advantages are obtained by means of a mechanism of simpleconstruction and which may be set up in an extrusion press with littledifficulty.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be mentionedhereinafter or will become apparent from a perusal of the followingspecification in which a preferred embodiment of the invention is shownand described for the purpose of illustrating the general principles andmode of operation of the invention, without intending, however, to limitthe invention to the details of construction herein shown.

On the drawings:

Figure l is a vertical sectional view on the line 11-11 of Figure 3 ofan apparatus embodying my invention, showing a billet prior to theapplication of pressure thereto;

' Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view on the line 11-11 of Figure 3,showing the die closed with the billet extruded into the die;

Figure 3 is a sectional view on the broken line III-III of Figure l, ona reduced scale; and

Figure 4 is a top plan view, on a larger scale, of the split conicalsleeve shown in Figures 1 and 2.

As shown on the drawings:

Referring further to the drawings, a die ring I0 is held in a verticallymovable die ring holder or collar H by means of a split sleeve I2 and anut 13. The outer surface of the split sleeve is conical, engaging withthe conical bore of the collar II, while the flange l2 supports thelower end of the die ring. Cooperating threads on the nut l3 and thesleeve l2 serve to lock the die ring In securely in place, and laterallysupport the die ring firmly in the heavy collar l I.

A die insert M has a sliding fit in the die ring it. The working end l5of the punch and its working face l6 fit into the die ring with someclearance.

A die insert holder i1 is bolted firmly to a base block l8 on the presswhile a backing block [9 is positioned centrally below the die insert toreceive the thrust therefrom during the extrusion operation. Asindicated, a plurality of bolts 20 are threaded into the insert holderl1 and springs such as 2| are employed to return the movable collar toraised position after each stroke of the ram. A set screw 22 may beemployed as shown to look the die insert in position in the insertholder.

In order to facilitate ready assembly of the apparatus, the bolts 23 maybe employed in pairs. each having a head 24 which may he slid into slots25 of common construction in the base member 18 while the nuts 25 areemployed to firmly hold the die insert holder I! on the base I8.

The drawings show an assembly which is especially adapted to themanufacture of valves of the poppet type. In the operation of thedevice, the billet A is placed in the die ring Ill as shown, and in thedown stroke of the ram, a shoulder 21 on the punch will engage the topface of the die ring. As the ram continues on the downstroke, shoulder21 of the punch will force the die ring ID downwardly, while the workingend of the ram or punch forces the billet into the die insert [4. Duringthis movement, the ring telescopes over the die with a sliding fit andfurnishes additional lateral support for the die. As indicated in Figure2, the length of the stroke is limited by the distance the moveablecollar Il may travel without coming into actual contact with the insertholder I1, the billet at that time having attained the shape indicatedin Figure 2. It should be understood that other operations on the valveare performed with other apparatus.

It will now be appreciated that as the heated billet is being extrudedinto the die insert (4. the die ring moves along with it, telescopingover the die insert as shown in Figure 2, hence the billet does notslide relatively to the die ring;

While springs 2! are shown for returning the parts of the pressto theiroriginal position after the working stroke, any suitable mean may beemployed, such as hydraulic action, compressed air, etc.

While the drawings show an assembly especially adapted for the dieforming of poppet valves, it should be understood that articles of othershapes may be formed from billets in accordance. with this invention,and that While certain details of construction are herein shown whichare especially adaptable for the forming of poppet valves, the inventionis not limited to such details, but is subject to considerablevariationand modification without departure from the spirit and scope of theinvention defined in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

'1, In an inverted extrusion apparatus including a die insert, a billetreceiving die ring slidably telescoped around said insert, a splitclamping sleeve surrounding said die ring, a spring pressed collarhaving a tapered aperture in which said clamping sleeve is disposed,and'adjustable means on'said clamping sleeve thrusting against saidcollar for forcing said sleeve toward the small end of said aperture andradially contracting said sleeve around the die ring.

2. An inverted extrusion apparatus comprising a die holder having anopen topped recess with a hole through the bottom thereof, a hollow dieinsert in said hole and extending therefrom into said recess, a lockingmember securing said die insert in said die holder, studs anchored insaid die holder and extending through said recess, a

collar slidably mounted on said studs and move-- ble into said recess ofthe die holder, said collar having a tapered aperture therethroughconverging toward the top thereof, a split sleeve in said taperedaperture of the collar having a threaded end projecting above thecollar, a nut threaded on said threaded end of the sleeve and thrustingagainst said collar to draw the sleeve into wedging engagement with saidtapered aperture, a die ring slidable around the projecting portion ofsaid die insert and clamped in said split sleeve, spring means aroundsaid studs between said collar and die holder and urging said collarabove the bottom of the recess for carrying the die ring in extendedrelation to said die insert, and a plunger for acting on a billet insaid die ring to force the billet into said die insert while telescopingthe die ring around the insert.

3. -An inverted extrusion apparatus comprising a base, a die holderhaving a vertical passage therethrough, means for detachably securingthe holder to the base, a vertically extending hollow extrusion diehaving its lower end positioned in said passage and means for locking ittherein, guide studs secured to said holder and a vertically shiftablecollar slidably guided on said studs, spring means supported on saidholder for retracting the collar away from the holder, an upwardlytapered conical passage in the collar, a die ring surrounding the upperend of the die in telescopically slidable relation thereto, a splittapered sleeve in said tapered passage embracing said die ring andhaving a flange engaging the lower end of the ring and a threaded-neckextending .above the top of said collar, a nut engaged with the threadedneck and thrusting against said collar, and a reciprocable extru sionplunger having a shoulder engageable with the upper end of the die ringeffective for telescoping the latter downwardly over the die and areduced working portion for simultaneously entering the die ring forforcing a billet therefrom into the die.

' EMIL F. GTBIAN;

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Welsford et al. Jan. 30, 1,945

